Transforming the Audit Paradigm from Financial Verification to System and Algorithm Validation in the Digital Economic Ecosystem

Authors

  • Dewi Saptantinah Puji Astuti Institut Seni Indonesia (ISI) Surakarta
  • Subur Harahap Institut Bisnis Nusantara
  • Entar Sutisman Universitas Yapis Papua

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55927/jambak.v5i1.4

Keywords:

Digital Auditing, Algorithm Validation, Digital Economy, Audit Transformation, Accounting

Abstract

The development of the digital economy has transformed the audit paradigm from financial statement verification toward the validation of digital systems and technology-based algorithms. This study aims to analyze the transformation of the auditing role within the digital economic ecosystem. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach through a literature review of scientific articles, regulations, and recent auditing standards published between 2020 and 2025. The findings indicate that auditors are now required not only to examine the fairness of financial statements but also to evaluate algorithm transparency, data security, and the reliability of digital systems. This transformation requires multidisciplinary competencies and adaptive audit frameworks to support transparency, accountability, and trust in the digital business environment.

References

AICPA, & CIMA. (2021). Audit and assurance in the digital age. American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.

Al-Htaybat, K., von Alberti-Alhtaybat, L., & Alhatabat, Z. (2022). Educating digital auditors in the artificial intelligence era. Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting, 19(1), 49–67.

Alamin, M., Wilkin, C., & Warren, M. (2022). Digital transformation and the evolution of audit practices in modern organizations. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 35(7), 1458–1476.

Appelbaum, D., Kogan, A., & Vasarhelyi, M. (2022). Analytics and artificial intelligence in auditing: A review of the literature. Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting, 19(2), 1–18.

Bhimani, A. (2021). Digital data and management accounting: Why we need to rethink research methods. Journal of Management Control, 32(1), 9–23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00187-021-00317-9.

Brennen, S., Kreiss, D., Howard, P., & Nielsen, R. (2021). Digital platforms, algorithmic accountability, and governance challenges. Policy & Internet, 13(2), 205–227.

Carson, E., Fargher, N., & Zhang, Y. (2022). Institutional adaptation of auditing in digital environments. International Journal of Auditing, 26(3), 412–427.

European Parliament. (2022). Artificial intelligence and liability frameworks in digital governance. European Parliament.

Eulerich, M., Wagener, M., & Wood, D. (2022). Digital transformation and the future of internal auditing. Managerial Auditing Journal, 37(5), 565–589.

Issa, H., Sun, T., & Vasarhelyi, M. (2021). Research ideas for artificial intelligence in auditing: The formalization of audit and workforce supplementation. Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting, 18(1), 1–20.

Kokina, J., & Blanchette, S. (2020). Early evidence of digital labor in accounting: Innovation with robotic process automation. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 35, 100431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accinf.2019.100431.

Kokina, J., & Mancha, R. (2021). Artificial intelligence in accounting and auditing: Opportunities and challenges. Accounting Horizons, 35(4), 91–108.

Kokina, J., Davenport, T., & Pachamanova, D. (2021). AI and algorithmic systems in accounting and auditing. Accounting Horizons, 35(3), 123–141.

Kshetri, N. (2021). Artificial intelligence in finance and accounting: Opportunities and ethical challenges. IT Professional, 23(4), 18–25.

Lombardi, R., Secundo, G., & Dumay, J. (2021). Digital transformation and corporate accountability in accounting research. Meditari Accountancy Research, 29(5), 1171–1192.

Moll, J., & Yigitbasioglu, O. (2023). The role of internet-related technologies in shaping accounting and auditing practices. The British Accounting Review, 55(1), 101174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2022.101174.

OECD. (2021). Digital economy outlook 2021. OECD Publishing.

Pizzi, S., Caputo, F., Corvino, A., & Venturelli, A. (2021). Management research and the challenges of artificial intelligence. The British Accounting Review, 53(6), 101042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2021.101042.

Power, M. (2021). The future of auditing in digital societies. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 91, 101226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2021.101226.

Rezaee, Z., & Wang, J. (2021). Relevance of big data to forensic accounting practice and education. Managerial Auditing Journal, 36(2), 268–288.

Rikhardsson, P., & Yigitbasioglu, O. (2022). Business intelligence and analytics in management accounting research: Status and future focus. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 29, 37–58.

Roberts, J., & Scapens, R. (2021). Accountability and control in contemporary organizations. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 34(6), 1359–1374.

Sorić, D., Vukšić, V., & Pejić Bach, M. (2022). The impact of digital transformation on audit competencies and education. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 17(3), 1025–1041.

Suri, A., Elia, M., & van der Aalst, W. (2023). Artificial intelligence and digital assurance in auditing ecosystems. Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting, 20(2), 77–95.

Sutton, S., Holt, M., & Arnold, V. (2021). The reports of my death are greatly exaggerated—Artificial intelligence research in accounting. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 42, 100520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accinf.2021.100520.

Teeter, R., Alles, M., & Vasarhelyi, M. (2022). The evolution of audit analytics and continuous auditing in digital organizations. Accounting Horizons, 36(1), 157–176.

Teixeira, A., Ferreira, A., & Branco, M. (2023). Adaptive audit frameworks in technology-driven environments. Accounting Forum, 47(4), 521–540.

Tiron-Tudor, A., Deliu, D., & Farcane, N. (2022). Cybersecurity and the changing role of auditors in digital environments. Financial Innovation, 8(1), 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-022-00345-8.

Wilson, H., & Daugherty, P. (2021). Collaborative intelligence and algorithmic accountability in organizations. Harvard Business Review, 99(2), 114–123.

Wirtz, B., Weyerer, J., & Sturm, B. (2022). The dark sides of artificial intelligence: An integrated AI governance framework for public administration. International Journal of Public Administration, 45(10), 818–829.

Yoon, K., Hoogduin, L., & Zhang, L. (2023). Big data as complementary audit evidence. Accounting Horizons, 37(2), 271–292.

Published

2026-05-30

How to Cite

Astuti, D. S. P., Harahap, S., & Sutisman, E. (2026). Transforming the Audit Paradigm from Financial Verification to System and Algorithm Validation in the Digital Economic Ecosystem. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 5(1), 51–66. https://doi.org/10.55927/jambak.v5i1.4

Issue

Section

Articles